What is the Pelvis?

About Pelvis

The pelvis is a bony complex located at the base of the spine and the hips. It is comprised of the coxae (hip bones), sacrum, and coccyx. The pelvis plays a crucial role in supporting the weight of the upper body, protecting internal organs, and providing attachment points for muscles involved in movement and stability.

Components of the pelvis

• Coxae (Hip Bones): Each coxa is made up of three fused bones: the ilium, ischium, and pubis. These bones come together to form the acetabulum, the socket for the femoral head, which is part of the hip joint.
• Sacrum: A triangular-shaped bone formed by the fusion of five sacral vertebrae. It connects the spine to the pelvis and provides stability and support.
• Coccyx (Tailbone): The small, triangular bone at the base of the sacrum, formed by the fusion of four coccygeal vertebrae. It serves as an attachment point for ligaments and muscles.

Functions of the pelvis

• Support and stability: The pelvis supports the weight of the upper body when sitting and standing, distributing it to the lower limbs.
• Protection of Organs: It protects vital internal organs, including parts of the digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems.
• Attachment for Muscles: The pelvis provides attachment points for muscles that control the hips, thighs, and lower back, facilitating movement and stability.
• Childbirth: In females, the pelvis has a broader shape to facilitate childbirth, allowing the passage of the baby through the birth canal.

Common Conditions and Injuries

• Pelvic Fractures: Fractures can occur due to trauma, such as falls or car accidents, often requiring medical intervention and rehabilitation.
• Osteitis Pubis: Inflammation of the pubic symphysis, commonly seen in athletes, causing pain in the groin and pelvic area.
• Hip Dysplasia: A congenital condition where the hip socket does not fully cover the femoral head, leading to joint instability and potential dislocation.
• Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): An infection of the female reproductive organs that can cause chronic pain and complications if untreated.

Exercises for Pelvic Health

• Pelvic Tilts: Strengthen the lower back and abdominal muscles, improving pelvic stability and reducing pain.
• Kegel Exercises: Strengthen the pelvic floor muscles, which support the bladder, intestines, and uterus, improving urinary control and pelvic stability.
• Hip Bridges: Strengthen the glutes, lower back, and hamstrings, promoting pelvic stability and alignment.
• Leg Raises: Improve strength and flexibility in the hip flexors and lower abdominal muscles, supporting pelvic health.